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Grammar library · 547 points

Mandarin grammar catalog

Search structures, Chinese keywords, functions, HSK tags, and every CEFR level from A1 through C1. Open any point for a concise reference and its original source.

547 points

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  1. A1不 · 没 · 没有Affirmative-negative questionVerb + 不 + Verb
  2. A1岁years oldAge with "sui"Subj. + Number + 岁
  3. A1—noneBasic sentence orderSubj. + Verb
  4. A1二 · 两twoComparing "er" and "liang"Expressing quantity
  5. A1是is · beConnecting nouns with "shi"Noun 1 + 是 + Noun 2
  6. A1和andExpressing "and" with "he"Noun 1 + 和 + Noun 2
  7. A1要want · be going toExpressing "be going to" with "yao"Subj. + Time + 要 + Verb
  8. A1太 · 了too · veryExpressing "excessively" with "tai"太 + Adj. + 了
  9. A1会Can · AbleExpressing a learned skill with "hui"Subj. + 会 + Verb + Obj.
  10. A1能Can · AbleExpressing ability or possibility with "neng"Subj. + 能 + Verb + Obj.
  11. A1的My · HisExpressing close possession without "de"Pronoun + Noun
  12. A1在in · atExpressing existence in a place with "zai"Subj. + 在 + Place
  13. A1有is · haveExpressing existence with "you"Place + 有 + Obj.
  14. A1可以 · 可Can · MayExpressing permission with "keyi"Subj. + 可以 + Verb + Obj.
  15. A1的My · HisExpressing possession with "de"Noun 1 + 的 + Noun 2
  16. A1有haveExpressing possession with "you"Subj. + 有 + Obj.
  17. A1怎么howHow to do something with "zenme"Subj. + 怎么 + Verb + Obj.
  18. A1个Measure word "ge"Number + 个 + Noun
  19. A1没 · 没有 · 有notNegation of "you" with "mei"没 + 有 (+ Obj.)
  20. A1没 · 没有Negation of past actions with "meiyou"Subj. + 没有 / 没 + Verb
  21. A1不要 · 不 · 要Don'tNegative commands with "buyao"不要 + Verb
  22. A1还是 · 是orOffering choices with "haishi"Option A + 还是 + Option B?
  23. A1什么 · 什么时候 · 谁 · 哪儿who · whatPlacement of question wordsSubj. + Verb + 什么 + (Noun)?
  24. A1呢Questions with "ne"Topic + 呢 ？
  25. A1很very · beSimple "noun + adjective" sentencesNoun + 很 + Adj.
  26. A1不notStandard negation with "bu"Subj. + 不 + Verb + Obj.
  27. A1年 · 月 · 号 · 日Structure of datesx 年 + y 月 + z 日
  28. A1星期 · 礼拜 · 周Structure of days of the weekExpressing time and date
  29. A1一 · 二 · 三 · 四Structure of numbers十 + x
  30. A1点 · 点钟Structure of times (basic)(Date and/or time of day +) x 点
  31. A1吧Suggestions with "ba"Command + 吧
  32. A1不 · 好 · 对 · 是Tag questions with "bu"Verb + 不 + Verb
  33. A1吗 · 对 · 好 · 是Tag questions with "ma"⋯⋯， 好 / 对 / 是 / 可以 + 吗？
  34. A1都all · bothThe "all" adverb "dou"Subj. + 都 + [Verb Phrase]
  35. A1也too · alsoThe "also" adverb "ye"Subj. + 也 + Verb / [Verb Phrase]
  36. A1叫callUsing the verb "jiao"Subj. + 叫 + [Name]
  37. A1去GoUsing the verb "qu"Subj. + 去 + [Place]
  38. A1姓callUsing the verb "xing"Subj. + 姓 + [Surname]
  39. A1要wantWanting to do something with "yao"Subj. + 要 + Verb + Obj.
  40. A1吗Yes-no questions with "ma"[Statement] + 吗 ？
  41. A2—noneActions in a rowSubj. + [Verb Phrase 1] + [Verb Phrase 2]
  42. A2以后 · 以 · 后later · afterAfter a specific time with "yihou"Time / Verb + 以后,....
  43. A2—none · aboutApproximating with sequential numbersNumber + (Number + 1)
  44. A2差不多 · 差 · 不 · 多almostApproximations with "chabuduo"Subj. + 差不多
  45. A2多howAsking about degree with "duo"Subj. + 多 + Adj.?
  46. A2怎么样 · 怎么howAsking how something is with "zenmeyang"Subj. + 怎么样?
  47. A2怎么 · 这么 · 那么whyAsking why with "zenme"Subj. + 怎么 + Verb + Obj.?
  48. A2要want · needAuxiliary verb "yao" and its multiple meaningsSubj. + 要 + Noun
  49. A2比Basic comparisons with "bi"Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adj.
  50. A2没有 · 没 · 有notBasic comparisons with "meiyou"Noun 1 + 没有 + Noun 2 + Adj.
  51. A2跟 · 一样 · 和sameBasic comparisons with "yiyang"Noun 1 + 跟 / 和 + Noun 2 + 一样
  52. A2以前 · 以 · 前beforeBefore a specific time with "yiqian"Time / Verb + 以前 ，⋯⋯
  53. A2万 · 千 · 亿Big numbers in ChineseExpressing quantity
  54. A2因为 · 所以 · 以because · soCause and effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi"Result, 因为 + Reason
  55. A2了Change of state with "le"Subj. + Adj. + 了
  56. A2不 · 没有 · 没notComparing "bu" and "mei"Subj. + 不 + Verb
  57. A2要 · 想want · needComparing "yao" and "xiang"Subj. + 要 + Noun
  58. A2吧Conceding with "ba"Statement + 吧
  59. A2块 · 元 · 毛 · 角Counting moneySubj. + 多少钱?
  60. A2来 · 去Directional verbs "lai" and "qu"来 / 去 + Place

Catalog metadata and summaries are adapted from the AllSet Learning Chinese Grammar Wiki under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. This noncommercial catalog uses an October 2023 snapshot; links open the maintained source. It also includes 41 independently written points identified through the official HSK syllabus and external grammar references; those pages link to their respective references.